Green hydrogen is hydrogen gas produced through a process called electrolysis, where water is split into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power. It is considered "green" because the production process does not emit greenhouse gasses and relies on renewable energy

Green hydrogen plays a crucial role in the transition to a low-carbon economy. It offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels and can be used as a clean energy source in various sectors, including transportation, industry, and power generation. Green hydrogen also helps to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.

Green hydrogen is produced through water electrolysis, where an electric current is passed through water, splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen. The process requires renewable electricity, such as solar or wind power, to power the electrolysis system and produce hydrogen without generating greenhouse gas emissions.

Green hydrogen offers several advantages:

• It is a clean and sustainable energy source, as its production does not release greenhouse gasses.
• It can be stored and transported, making it a versatile energy carrier.
• It can be used in a wide range of applications, including fuel cells for transportation, energy storage, and industrial processes.
• It contributes to reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promotes energy independence.
• 5. It has the potential to integrate with existing infrastructure, enabling the decarbonization of various sectors.

Green hydrogen differs from other forms of hydrogen production, such as grey, blue, or brown hydrogen, in terms of its environmental impact. Grey hydrogen is produced from fossil fuels and emits greenhouse gasses, while blue hydrogen captures and stores the resulting carbon emissions. Brown hydrogen is also produced from fossil fuels but without carbon capture. In contrast, green hydrogen is produced using renewable energy sources, resulting in zero greenhouse gas emissions during production.

While green hydrogen offers significant potential, there are challenges to overcome, including:

• High production costs: Currently, green hydrogen production can be more expensive than conventional hydrogen production methods due to the costs associated with renewable energy sources and electrolysis equipment.
• Scaling up production: To achieve widespread adoption, the production of green hydrogen needs to be scaled up significantly, requiring substantial investments in infrastructure and renewable energy capacity.
• Storage and transportation: Green hydrogen has lower energy density than fossil fuels, requiring efficient storage and transportation methods to ensure its viability as an energy carrier.
• Policy and regulatory support: Governments and policymakers need to provide supportive frameworks, incentives, and regulations to encourage the growth of the green hydrogen industry and ensure a level playing field with conventional energy sources.

Green hydrogen has diverse applications, including:

• Transportation: It can be used as fuel for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and provide long-range and quick refueling capabilities, making it a viable option for decarbonizing the transportation sector.
• Industry: Green hydrogen can replace fossil fuels in industrial processes, such as manufacturing, refining, and chemical production, reducing carbon emissions.
• Power generation: Hydrogen can be used in fuel cells to generate electricity, offering a clean and efficient energy source for stationary power applications.
• Energy storage: Excess renewable energy can be converted into hydrogen and stored for later use, helping to balance grid demand and supply fluctuations.
• Heating and residential applications: Hydrogen can be used for heating homes and buildings, providing a renewable and low-carbon alternative to natural gas.